TY  - GEN
AU  - Hakkila,Pentti
TI  - Utilization of residual forest biomass
SN  - 3-540-50299-8
PY  - 1989///
CY  - Berlin
PB  - Springer-Verlag
KW  - Forestry
KW  - Wood science
KW  - Residual forest biomass
KW  - Utilization
N2  - The first world-wide energy crisis in the early 1970s resulted in an explosive increase in both the number and diversity of studies on unmerchantable tree components such as tops, branches, foliage, stumps, and roots, and on whole small-sized trees. Here is a synopsis and the latest information on forest biomass utilization and the potential of this renewable raw material resources, presented from an interdisciplinary viewpoint. This balanced review of scientific literature as well as recent practical developments and experience in forest biomass utilization covers various aspects quantity and properties of the resource, harvesting and transport, ecological consequences of intensive biomass recovery, comminution and upgrading, utilzation for pulp, paper, composite boards, fodder, and energy in solid, liquid, or gaseous form
ER  -